The septic tank is the most optimal device for organizing the disposal of liquid household waste in any country house or cottage. Which is better for a septic tank to choose from their existing diversity, we will try to figure it out. After all, there are both the simplest self-made installations and modern autonomous stations that allow for the deep cleaning of domestic waste water to their environmentally safe state. Today, everyone can choose a septic tank to give what they want. It all depends on the specific needs and amount of cash.
What are septic tanks and what is their principle of operation
A septic tank is a local device that is connected to the local house sewer system. A septic tank is needed in order to collect, defend and purify wastewater that is discharged from the house through this sewage system. Install these devices in places with no centralized sewer infrastructure. In most cases, these are country houses or summer cottages and a huge number of entire settlements in the rural areas, where there is no sewage system.
The choice of the desired septic tank does not always depend only on the volume of effluent, but to a greater extent on local environmental conditions. Therefore, for a competent assessment of future purchases it is required to understand a little about the device and the principles of operation of various types of installations. Any septic tank existing today is a reservoir that can be divided into two or more departments. The general principle of the installation is as follows:
- sewage pipes with sewage get into the first tank, which plays the role of a sump. In it heavy components sink and accumulate at the bottom. Light fractions and fats accumulate on the surface of the water;
- with the help of overflow, this liquid enters the second compartment, where their further settling and decomposition of organic matter takes place when exposed to bacteria;
- The last section allows you to clean the water so that, after passing through the filtration fields, it can be safely drained into the ground, seeping through which it is completely free from all harmful substances and odor.
Helpful advice! For complete wastewater treatment, you can apply the installation, which provides for the use of biofilters. For such septic tanks, no filtration fields will be needed.
Before choosing a septic tank for your dacha, you need to make a small technical task, which would give answers to the following questions:
- how much liquid is discharged from the house per day. For this you need to know the number of family members and possible guests living in the household. Household appliances using water installed in the house and their average daily output are taken into account. Here take into account washing and dishwashers, as well as showers and taps;
- What is the composition of the soil and the depth of groundwater. This is necessary to determine the possibility and necessity of setting fields for filtering;
- what is the main purpose of the house. That is, it is a temporary dwelling for a family or permanent;
- how much do you think it is possible to spend on the creation of a septic tank of funds.
If the answers to all these questions are accurate, then you can begin to choose the most acceptable device for yourself.
Before buying or independent device of any septic tank it is necessary to determine the required performance. This indicator determines the amount of waste liquid that the installation is able to process per day. The number of compartments and their volume depend on it.
Helpful advice! According to building codes, as much water should be placed in a septic tank as homeowner can discharge it in three days. It is not rational to use a smaller volume of septic tank, since the water simply will not have time to filter and it will have to be constantly pumped out.
Is it assumed that with the formation of less than 1 m? drains per day, the need for multi-chamber septic tanks is absent. Two-chamber models are set when this indicator is achieved from 1 to 10 m? / Day. If the indicator is even higher, then there is a need for a three-chamber installation.
How to choose a septic tank for a private house from a variety of options. What complexity of the device are wastewater treatment plants for domestic wastewater in a private country house and which one is better to choose.
What kind of septic tank is better for giving, which will be visited only periodically for family rest, you don’t need to wrestle with it, because the cheapest small single-chamber storage device will be enough for it. It is made in the form of a reservoir into which the sewage simply flows from the house. At the same time, it is necessary to constantly monitor its filling level in order to promptly take off the collecting truck to pump this tank.
Services of vacuum trucks are quite expensive. Moreover, the amount can be greatly overestimated when the cottage is located in a remote or remote place. For this reason, in country houses or in country houses with permanent residence, it is better to arrange overflow structures in which water will be purified and merged into the natural environment.
This is especially important for a cottage, which has the same amenities as an apartment in an apartment city house, and sometimes a large one. After all, in such houses saunas and pools are often built, giving a huge amount of wastewater. For such cottages need models of septic tanks with very high performance.
Helpful advice! If the water consumption in a household is very high, you can purchase a septic tank equipped with an aeration device. The aerator installed on the facility allows creating a favorable environment for aerobic microorganisms that perfectly clean any drains, increasing the performance of the septic tank.
Modern cleaning devices operate in conjunction with the wastewater filtration fields. However, their device is not always possible due to the fact that the ground is not suitable for this. Clay soils cannot pass water through themselves, and, therefore, are not able to filter it. The high occurrence of groundwater (closer than 150 cm from the surface) makes it impossible, in principle, to construct filtration fields.
How to choose a septic tank to give under these conditions? There is a way out – it is a septic tank with a biological filter. It is a ready-made cleaning unit, when passing through which water becomes completely safe for the environment and can even be used for watering plants.
Helpful advice! The installation of bioseptics is justified in homes where living is permanent. With prolonged downtime of installation, microorganisms die because they lack a nutrient substrate.
The industry today offers enough different options for septic tanks for sewage equipment of a private country house or cottage. They are quite simple to buy and install according to the instructions, connecting sewer pipes to them. It is possible to independently manufacture such storage and treatment facilities. When buying a finished product for wastewater treatment, we acquire:
- simple and clear installation of the whole structure in their area, even independently, even though by a team of specialists;
- quick and trouble-free connection of the entire system and its launch;
- the absence in the construction process of the device “dirty” technology.
However, we acquire such septic tanks for a rather high price. Independent production of a septic tank, according to many, saves money. Most often this is not the case. After all, the cost of consumables is also quite high. In addition, installation and commissioning can take a long time for various reasons.
What is the best septic tank to give to choose from those already on sale, if there are so many? To begin with, we look at the performance and choose the most optimal for yourself. There are mini-septic tanks that can satisfy the needs of a family consisting of 1 or 2 people. Other models are designed to clean the drains of entire cottage villages. For any model there is information about how many living in the house it is designed.
Tanks are made from different materials:
- stainless steel, sometimes with a polymer layer;
- fiberglass or carbon fiber, which is very light, so even one person can install them without using construction equipment;
- Concrete rings are an outdated method that is rarely used for this purpose.
Capacity is fixed with belts from nylon (anchoring) or the walls and the bottom of the pit is concreted in order to avoid the ascent of a septic tank to give. How to choose a method for such a soil, each is determined by itself, based on its capabilities and preferences.
As for the manufacturers of septic tanks on the market, it is possible with certain confidence to choose several of them, whose products are replete with a large number of reviews: “Tank”, “Cedar”, “DSC”, “Triton”, “Topas”, “Mole”, Ecoline, Unilos. Reviews on their products are different, from sharply negative to enthusiastic. How much to trust them is everyone’s business, but it’s worth examining them before buying to have a good idea about a particular product and the features of its device and installation.
Now we understand that in order to decide which is the best septic tank to give, you need to know the technical conditions of its construction in your particular area in relation to the condition of the soil and the level of groundwater. Knowing this, it is not difficult to arrange a comparative description of the models you noted with similar technical parameters and choose the most suitable one for the price range.
