When choosing building materials, you should always be informed about their quality, scope, reliability and durability for the required field of use. One of the most popular wood products is fiberboard, the scope of which is quite extensive. Fiberboard: what it is and how to choose the right material to get a reliable product with a long service life is described in detail in this article.
DVP: what is it
Fiberboard is a building material that is made from wood fibers with the addition of a binder, adhesive additives and water-repellent chemical components (“wet method”), or without their use (“dry method”) by pressing or drying wood pulp, which is formed in the form of a rectangular the carpet.
Manufacturers use sawmill, woodworking, and plant combustion waste as source material. Coarse raw materials by steaming and grinding in the defibrator is processed into the necessary fibers. As a binder component, synthetic resins are used in the amount of 4-7% of the ratio of hardwood and softwood fibers.
To increase the moisture resistance of the material, paraffin, rosin or ceresin is introduced into the fibrous mass.
Production of fiberboard is one of the most promising methods for the use of wood waste. This material is widely used in modern house-building, to achieve sound and thermal insulation of walls and floors of rooms, in the manufacture of interfloor overlappings, the finishing of the interior elements of the premises, the manufacture of furniture and packaging.
In 1858, the scientist Lymon first patented his discovery. Later, the scientist Munchon improved the technology of manufacturing fiberboard. He suggested using hot pressing equipment. At this stage, no binder ingredients were used in the production of the material.
And in 1924, the American scientist Mason proposed a modern method of manufacturing fibreboard using the “wet method”, as a result of which the final material had a high density.
Production technology of hardboard
Fiberboard is manufactured on the basis of a technological map, the structure of which has not changed for more than fifty years. This process consists of several stages:
- Washing of pulp. It mechanically removes sand and other debris from adsorbing facilities.
- Remove from the mixture of metals with the help of electromagnets on special separator installations.
- Chopping wood chips. Here is set the degree of grinding, ranging from coarse to smaller.
- In the defibrillator installation, polymers, resins and paraffin are mixed into the total mass.
Next, the manufacture of fiberboard is made by “dry” or “wet” method. The “wet method” is more environmentally friendly because it involves a small dose of a binding mixture that is toxic. The density and technical indicators of fiberboard are directly dependent on the method of manufacture.
Depending on the properties of the material, method of manufacture and method of further application, modern industry manufactures the following types of fibreboard: soft, medium density, semi-solid, solid, super hard. In any hardware store you can buy fiberboard. Price per sheet is determined by the size and type of product.
Soft fiberboard is characterized by low strength, high porosity and low thermal conductivity. Plate thickness varies between 8-25 mm. The density indicator is between 150 and 350 kg / m ?. Based on the density of the material, there are such brands of plates: M-1, M-2 and M-3.
This type of fiberboard is not used as the main building material. It can be used for heat and sound insulation of building structures, such as walls, floors, ceilings, etc. This is an analogue of drywall, but is lighter, more flexible and more convenient for installation. Buy soft fiberboard can be much cheaper than a sheet of drywall of the appropriate size.
Plates can also be used as a base layer for parquet, linoleum or laminate. Fiberboard is also used for leveling base defects when laying floors.
Helpful advice! In the manufacture of soft fiberboard does not use a synthetic binder element. It speaks about the environmental safety of this material, which can be used to finish the rooms of children and allergy sufferers.
In comparison with the soft type, this type of fiberboard has a higher density and strength. On average, the density of the fiberboard is 850 kg / m ?. The thickness of the sheet may be in the range of 6-12 mm.
This type of fiberboard is used as the back walls of furniture, shelves, drawers, cabinets and tables. It is also often used as a substrate when installing floors. It has gained popularity as a packaging material.
The density of solid fiberboard is in the range of 800-1000 kg / m ?. Product thickness – 2.5-6 mm. These plates are used in the manufacture of furniture as the rear walls, drawers and for the production of panel doors.
Helpful advice! The front surface of solid fiberboard is refined by synthetic and melamine films. Having a glossy, matte, pigmented and imitated wood texture, the plates can be used for plating the interior walls of rooms.
In turn, this type of plates, depending on the strength, density and type of the front side is divided into several brands:
- T – a plate with a refined face;
- Т-С – the front surface is made of fine wood mixture;
- T-B – a plate with a non-refined face, and an increased indicator of water resistance;
- T-SV – a plate with a front surface of fine mass and with a high degree of water resistance;
- TP – the front side of the plate is tinted;
- T-SP – the front layer is made of fine mass, tinted;
- NT – low density plate.
White fiberboard is very popular. Such a universal color of the material can be used to create bedrooms, kitchens and children’s rooms. Such a coating can be decorated with a special paint with the subsequent application of varnish. It is possible to buy white DVP at lower price, than the same leaf in other any color scale.
Refined fiberboards are highly resistant to moisture and mechanical abrasion. Due to the unique manufacturing technology, they have an attractive appearance. During the manufacture of this type of plates used technology of applying a multilayer coating on the front surface. The plate is processed, then a primer layer is applied to its surface, which is the background base for the future pattern. Figure may be different. But each species in its own way is an imitation of a woody structure.
Such plates are used for the manufacture of door panels, for the decoration of walls and ceilings, and interior furniture elements. Modern industry produces doors made of fiberboard standard sizes.
These plates have a high density, which is 950 kg / m ?. This is a high-quality material that is convenient and easy to install. The high strength of the slab is achieved by impregnating it with pectol. These superhard MDFs are used for the manufacture of partitions, arches and doors. Also widely used in the manufacture of flooring. A high rate of electrical insulation allows the use of plates for the manufacture of panels and panels.
Medium density fiberboard, or MDF, is a type of semi-solid slab. This is a relatively new building material, which has taken pride of place for furniture makers and builders. This is because its density is 700-800 kg / m ?, the strength is equal to the value of hard fiberboard, which is almost twice as high as chipboard.
Due to the ease of processing, MDF is widely used in the modern construction industry. They make platbands, plinths, fillets, facades of cabinet furniture, window sills, roof battens, T-shaped beams. They are used in the manufacture of interior door leafs. And the ceiling and wall panels of fiberboard in this category will be an elegant solution for the decoration of rooms. MDF is also made laminate.
Asking the important question of how much fiberboard costs, it is important to determine the area of its further application. It is worth considering all the characteristics of each type and choose the most optimal one, based on price and quality.
Most popular today is the use of laminated fiberboard. A special mixture is applied to the material, which consists of certain synthetic resins. Thanks to this technology, these plates have high moisture resistance and durability.
In the building stores you can buy laminated fiberboard of the following varieties:
- Tiled type. This type of fiberboard has a wide range of typical sizes ranging from 30×30 cm and ending with 100×100 cm. Such plates are fastened by means of a tongue and groove connection using special clamps or staples. The use of plates allows you to create interesting patterns and ornaments. Every year the industry produces fiberboard with new colors and textured patterns.
- Fiberboard under the wall paneling. This is a new and more modern material format. By its method of connection, it is similar to wooden clapboard. This sheet material has standard sizes. The joining of sheets is the same as for tile-type fiberboard. This fiberboard is used for sheathing the surface of walls and flooring. The material has a high degree of moisture resistance.
- Sheet type. This is a universal type of laminated fiberboard. It has a lot of options for textures, colors, sizes and methods of mounting the material on the ceiling, floor, walls.
Laminated fiberboard has certain properties that are taken into account when choosing its future use. Due to the high level of sound insulation, such plates are used for those rooms in which it is necessary to achieve maximum insulation. This applies to broadcasting cameras, recording studios.
Helpful advice! Laminated fiberboard has proven itself as an aesthetic, sound-proof material. Therefore, it will be a real find for the interior decoration of office premises and classrooms of educational institutions.
This versatile building material is widely used in the construction of light arches, interior partitions, complex ceilings. Only this type of fiberboard can be used for cladding facades of furniture walls. Increasingly, laminated fiberboard panels for walls that do not require further finishing are used.
It is possible to buy sheet DVP at rather low price that does this construction material one of the most available in construction among other analogs.
When calculating the total cost of construction and installation work using fiberboard, it is worth knowing how much a fiberboard sheet costs. The price of each panel is based on the size, variety and place of purchase. Construction online stores offer more reasonable prices in comparison with market rates.
Due to the high degree of moisture resistance, these plates can be used for cladding exterior and balcony doors. Fiberboard has a high index of sound and heat insulation. The material is simple in processing, characterized by a long service life and has a low weight, which simplifies its further installation. The low price of fiberboard, depending on the type, size and thickness of the product, significantly reduces the total cost of all construction and installation work, without compromising their quality.
Sheet fiberboard does not withstand a significant shear load due to the small thickness of the product. Therefore, the installation of the material must be done carefully, leaving no airbags between the wall and the panel, which can cause the plate to break.
Fiberboard is one of the most common building materials. For finishing the interior elements of a house, fiberboard has a number of advantages over other similar building materials. This practical, inexpensive, easy-to-handle material makes it possible to achieve several goals at once: thermal insulation, good ability to absorb all external noise, resistance to temperature fluctuations and humidity drops.
