How to properly reinforce the corners of the strip foundation: reinforcement knitting, diagrams

  1. Why do you need reinforcement of the corners of the strip foundation
  2. How to reinforce the corners of the strip foundation
  3. Types of angles
  4. What materials are used
  5. Types of anchoring
  6. What is fraught with incorrect binding of reinforcement at the corners of the strip foundation
  7. Connection types and detailed description
  8. Instructions
  9. How to properly knit reinforcement at the corners
  10. Common mistakes
  11. How to do it right
  12. Tips for beginners
  13. Working with obtuse angles
  14. Where to find a detailed description of the process
  15. A couple of recommendations for proper construction
  16. Conclusion


It is quite easy to choose a high-quality and reliable material for the construction of walls in your private house. We recommend using YTONG aerated concrete, which is the optimal solution for low-rise construction. But the service life of external walls and internal partitions depends on how strong and reliable the base will be. In this article we will tell you about the reinforcement of the corners of the strip foundation. This is a technological operation that can significantly increase the resistance of the base to the loads that arise during the entire service life. In simple terms, the building will last much longer if you follow this procedure. We will describe in more detail about the features and nuances of this important element of preparation for construction below..

Why do you need reinforcement of the corners of the strip foundation

The properties of building materials dictate the need to strengthen corner joints with ordinary soil or loam. Concrete does not have sufficient ductility and strength, therefore it is not able to withstand intense long-term loads. And it is especially difficult when sharply increasing periodic stretching occurs in some parts of the structure. This can be caused by many factors that are natural for our climatic conditions:

  • heaving of soil;

  • high humidity;

  • temperature changes.

If you do not reinforce the corners of the foundation, then sooner or later zones with clear signs of excessive compression or tension will appear. And if in the first case it can do without negative consequences for the structure, then when stretching, the gradual destruction of the house is inevitable.

It is in order to avoid these dangers that a certain set of actions must be performed. One of the main stages in the entire construction process is the location of a metal frame inside the concrete tape, which is able to take on the role of an amplifier and prevent deformation of the base. Corner joints and junction points are the points on which the greatest pressure is exerted, therefore special attention is paid to them.

How to reinforce the corners of the strip foundation

Compliance with building regulations and proper preparation of important structural components play a decisive role in the long service life of the entire building. It is possible to do all the work on your own only in the case of serious existing skills in this area, or after thorough theoretical training. But even if you fully study the theory of processes, it is very likely that non-standard situations at the construction site, or an accidental error, will arise. And even the smallest mistake at an early stage can negate all further efforts, so we strongly recommend that you entrust such important processes to professionals..

Correct reinforcement of the corners of the strip foundation (requirements):

  • Reinforcement in places of special stress (at corner joints) must be installed at intervals from half a meter to 80 centimeters.

  • Longitudinal belts are stacked with an interval of about 50 centimeters, and their number is determined by the characteristics of each specific object.

  • Transverse inserts are mounted in increments of 0.5 m.At least three such inserts must be positioned from the edge to each side.

  • The main rolled stock is selected with a diameter of one to two cm. Additional rods can be used with a thickness of 5-10 mm.

  • It is very important to follow the correct sequence of actions: first, vertical whips are mounted, and then horizontal rods are welded to them.

  • The reinforced corner must not have joints. For this, bent reinforcement profiles are used. Docking is also not recommended on straight areas of the structure. If you cannot do without this, then it is imperative to produce a bundle with an overlap.

  • Connections are made only by welding or tying with certain types of wire.

Types of angles

Not all connections are equally easy to carry out amplification. The first step is to decide what degree of abutment will be at the joint. In accordance with this, the selection of the optimal materials and technique for the procedure is carried out. There are the following types:

  • Straight. These are the most popular options available. Working with them does not cause any particular difficulties..

  • Dull, deployed. Linking them is pretty easy. The rods are installed in the direction of the inner part with an increase in the frequency of transverse inserts in relation to the rest of the sections.

  • Sharp. Quite infrequently, this type can be found in the construction of low-rise private houses. They are not easy to work with, and this will require certain skills and experience..

Reinforcement of corners: what materials are used

To increase the strength and stability of the strip foundation located at a shallow depth, high quality rods should be used, the thickness of which is at least 1 cm. The maximum diameter is 2 cm. Tying is carried out using a special wire with a cross section of about 1 mm. The rods must be undamaged (including no foci of corrosion). Have a grooved surface. The length is chosen as long as possible in order to minimize the need to organize the docking. The following norms are regulated when choosing suitable raw materials:

  • fittings are taken suitable for welding (if suitable, then the letter C will be in the name);

  • resistance to rust at a high level (letter K in the name);

  • the strength index is determined based on the main material of manufacture (steel A2, or A3 is the best option), such rods do not change when tied with wire.

For concrete, high-quality cement is required (M-200 – M-400). And also a fraction from gravel, sand and water. All this is combined in shares determined on the basis of a specific construction project.

Tying reinforcement at corners: types of anchoring
To determine the need to use a particular connection, you need to understand on which part of the tape it will be implemented. You should also take into account the characteristics of the rental, which is planned to be mounted as a frame. There are the following types of connections:

  • Direct installation of anchors, which we recommend only for small structures. The essence of the method is that the rods are simply overlapped, and then fixed with wire.

  • By welding the cross members through which the bonding takes place.

  • If you bend the ends of the metal whip under a straight degree, then such a joint will be called “foot”.

  • Bending the end of a straight bar with further fixation to the main bar, this is the so-called “hook” method.

  • Tying the corners of the reinforcement for the strip foundation using the loop method is a method in which the rods are folded exactly in half.

  • With welded additional steel angle.

Let’s note some subtleties for several methods. In the second and sixth paragraphs there is a restriction on the materials used. Please note that welding requires the presence of appropriate markings on the rolled metal. Items one and three are possible only when using rolled products of various diameters. Be careful and follow all instructions to avoid possible complications in the future..

What is fraught with incorrect binding of reinforcement at the corners of the strip foundation

If you follow all the recommendations, and with diligence, the amplification procedure will be easy, and the result will be worthy. But even people with extensive experience in this area sometimes make mistakes that can negatively affect the final result. The misses can be quickly listed:

  • Incorrect initial calculations.

  • Excessive savings in the purchase of building materials.

  • Desire to finish work as soon as possible.

  • Striving to follow the path of least resistance and skip seemingly insignificant stages.

All these factors can turn into rather serious consequences. As a rule, these are either cracks in the base, or complete destruction of the structure in the worst case. That is why we recommend contacting trusted specialists and professionals in their field when building private houses..

How to properly reinforce the corners of a strip foundation: types of connections and a detailed description

In order to carry out all work in accordance with the norms and regulations, a reinforcement scheme should be drawn up for each zone of the concrete base. As we mentioned above, corner joints are the most stressed places. This means that special attention is needed here to the types of reinforcement. If you simply tie two rods directly, then this may not be enough and cause structural disruptions in the future..

Bundle of rolled metal U-shaped

To do this, you need to purchase elements in the shape of the letter P, which should be located at the joints of the reinforcement. The dimensions of these parts should be equal to the width of the entire strip, and this is at least fifty diameters of the longitudinal bar.

Foot and overlap

The increase in strength occurs due to the bending of one of the ends of the rods. The parts located inside are attached to the horizontal overlap. And the outer parts are tied using fasteners up to five centimeters long.

Using the L-shaped clamp

The metal rods located inside the structure are fixed to the outer longitudinal ones with an overlap, at a distance of up to three quarters of the height of the tape. The overlap length is not less than 50 diameters of the rolled products used. Also, longitudinal frames are joined using transverse elements.

Tying the corners of the reinforcement under the strip foundation (instruction):

  • The gap between the base and the reinforcement frame is five centimeters.

  • The joints of the rods are made using parts bent at 90 degrees and connected with wire.

  • At the very bottom of the excavated recess under the concrete base, a layer of gravel and sand should be poured. Thus, the stability of the entire further structure is increased..

The joints account for most of the pressure, and the load on the various zones is unevenly distributed. The main purpose of adding rolled metal to concrete is to evenly redistribute these effects. Therefore, it is important to adhere to technical standards so that no breaks are formed as a result. Due to errors in the placement of rolled products or improper bonding of elements, the formation of chips, cracks and destruction of the entire frame may begin. Many careless builders violate the recommendations because of the desire to speed up and simplify the work, and the consequences of this can be fatal for a new home. Therefore, we recommend that you carefully select contractors and contact only professionals..

How to properly knit reinforcement at the corners

Initially, project documentation is developed, in which the potential load on the base is calculated and the layout of the elements is prescribed. Also at this stage, the required amount of rolled metal and its characteristics are considered. And only in the next step, after theoretical training, they begin to implement the project.

The procedure is as follows:

  1. Vertical rods are installed along the entire perimeter at an equal distance (about half a meter).

  2. The upper and lower horizontal rods must be fixed to them with the help of a wire..

  3. In the central sections, additionally lay the reinforcement contour.

How to accomplish the task of increasing the strength characteristics in places with the greatest load, we will describe below..

How to knit corners of foundation reinforcement: common mistakes

  • Insufficiently strong fastening. Often, in corner joints, ordinary bunching wire is used, and the ends of the contours are simply superimposed on each other. This is not enough.

  • Sometimes the ends of the twigs are bent, but there is no additional fixation. This method does not provide sufficient tensile strength of the frame..

  • Saving on materials is also contraindicated. If you make only one perimeter of the rods, then this will turn into dire consequences..

  • Even if you mount two reinforcement circuits, then without their proper connection to each other, the stability will be insufficient.

  • Ignoring the need for a connection between the bottom layer of the foundation and the load-bearing frame.

  • Lack of alternative fastening methods besides welding.

How to knit reinforcement at the corners correctly

To carry out the work, you will need the following tools:

  • welding machine;

  • devices for cutting metal (grinder, etc.);

  • directly rolled metal.

The first and most important step is the preliminary calculation of the amount of materials and the drawing of the base scheme together with the reinforcement elements. One of the main conditions in the initial preparation will be the installation of the sole under the entire structure. They start with the installation of two contours of longitudinal reinforcing parts with a small indent (4-6 cm) from each edge. We draw your attention to the fact that there should be no welds in the corners..

Bends are performed at 90 degrees, and metal is welded only in places where there will be no high pressure. This entire frame is laid out on the bottom of the prepared recess and perpendicular additional rods are driven in. A perimeter of two metal strips is attached to them with the help of a welding machine. By analogy, the upper longitudinal contours are executed. For high-quality joining of all parts with each other, you should use the knitting methods that we described above..

Reinforcement scheme for the corners of the strip foundation: advice for beginners

  • If the rods driven into the ground have a cross section of less than 2 cm, then their installation must be carried out at a distance of at least half a meter from each other, but not more than 0.8 m.

  • We recommend choosing the diameter of the base materials in the range from 10 to 20 mm. All other parts are allowed to be assembled from thinner rolled metal (but not less than 5 mm.).

  • When setting gaps, use non-metallic spacers for more stable gaps.

  • Docking without overlap is strictly prohibited.

  • Minimize breaks in your structure.

Working with obtuse angles

Finally, let’s figure out how to mount the reinforcing parts on bends with a turn of more than 90 degrees. This will require knowledge of several basic methods of manipulation..

First

The external and internal elements of the longitudinal rods are bent at the desired slope, and then they are connected to each other. Connections with vertical rods also need to be done more frequently than in a straight section..

Second

In this case, a pre-made section of reinforcement, bent at the required degree, is laid in the trench. This part is fixed to the main route with an overlap. It is important to provide a significant overlap, equal to approximately 40-55 diameters of the rolled products used..

How to knit the corners of the foundation: where to find a detailed description of the process

As we wrote above, the corner zones of the base account for the main pressure throughout the entire life of the building. Therefore, the sustainability resource of a private house directly depends on how effectively the reinforcement work is performed. All detailed information on the order of installation, potential loads and layouts of parts can be found in the technical regulations and building codes. You should also take into account the characteristics of the materials used, which are also freely available..

Basic conditions and standards

  • It is important to determine at an early stage what type of soil is on the construction site. The less stable and less dense the soil, the more severe the gain.

  • For longitudinal elements, rods with the largest cross-section (up to 2 cm) are chosen..

  • The surface of the rolled metal is not smooth, but embossed so that it adheres well after pouring with mortar.

  • The frequency and concentration of reinforcing parts in the corners should be higher than in other areas.

Calculation parameters

  • Periodicity of placement of vertical rods in the range from 0.5 to 0.8 m.

  • The distance between the edge of the concrete tape and the load-bearing frame is maintained in the region of 50 mm.

  • The deepening of the rods is not lower than the plane of the ground surface by more than 50 mm.

  • The cross-section of the main metal rolling is 1-2 cm, structural – up to 1 cm.

To exclude the possibility of making a mistake, at the initial stage it is important to make a detailed diagram and display in detail the arrangement of all structural elements.

Rod Installation Procedure

  1. Every half a meter, the main rods are buried in the ground.

  2. Above and below, load-bearing parts are added to them by welding..

  3. Further, additional rods are welded with a distance of up to 0.1 m.

A few secrets of quality connections

  • Cross joints are not used where walls intersect.

  • Fastening only for welding is unacceptable both in the corners and in other places along the perimeter of the foundation strip. Knitting is required.

  • When using welds, the parts are processed slightly at an angle, pre-bending.

  • Any of the longitudinal sections are fixed with a curved metal hook.

  • As a result, you should get a solid monolith, where all the details are interconnected..

A couple more recommendations for the correct construction of your home

    The main thing is to use at all stages only proven and high-quality building materials, the parameters of which correspond to the requirements for a particular structure. In addition to the walls, for which Ytong aerated concrete would be the best choice, it is important to provide a solid foundation for the house – the foundation. To implement a project with your own hands, first of all, we advise you to learn the basic rules for making joints when reinforcing. At every step along the road to completion, plan your actions carefully and well in advance. After measuring only seven times, prepare the frame and quickly (always in one go) fill it with the mixture.

    Conclusion

    Metal reinforcing structures in the foundation are very important so that the result of the entire construction does not disappoint the future homeowners. Each of the people involved in the construction must know the basic rules and technical standards. We recommend that only trained specialists and experienced assembly teams are involved in the work. You can find them in your region using our service.

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