Metal milling machine: equipment classification and characteristics

From this article, you can find out what features a metal milling machine has that can be used in a home workshop: equipment specifications, instrument classification and its applications. The text briefly describes the possibilities of vertical and horizontal structures, table and hand milling machines, as well as drilling, milling, engraving, milling and universal CNC machines.

Metal milling machine: equipment classification and characteristics

Types of milling machines: photos and design features

For processing metal blanks used milling machines. The tool of this category is very popular and is widely used in the field of metalworking. And you can buy a milling machine for metal, not only for industrial purposes, but also as equipment for a home workshop.

Metal milling machine: equipment classification and characteristics

On sale is an extensive range of milling tools. Almost all models of machines have the same device and work according to a single principle. Differences can affect only the functional side, which depends on the presence in the design of additional systems and key components.

Consumers can buy CNC milling machines for metal of the following types:

  • vertical;
  • horizontal;
  • drilling and milling;
  • desktop turning and milling machines for metal;
  • universal;
  • manual;
  • milling and engraving.

The listed modifications are basic. Each type of equipment has its own characteristics and functionality.

Metal milling machine: equipment classification and characteristics

Vertical structures are a very common tool category. The tooling for a milling machine for the metal of this type is represented by cutting elements of cylindrical, shaped and end type. In addition, the equipment allows drilling operations.

Appointment of vertical milling machines with CNC:

  • slotting;
  • machining of frame parts;
  • manufacturing gears;
  • processing of corners, as well as horizontal and vertical metal surfaces.

Equipment of vertical type due to its structure has a very rigid structure. Due to this, it is possible to perform processing of metal parts at a high level of quality. The gearbox is installed on the spindle head.

There are two categories of vertical metal milling machines:

  1. Console milling.
  2. Beskonsolny.

Metal milling machine: equipment classification and characteristics

Note! In those designs where there is no console, the movement of the desktop is carried out by guides placed on the tool frame.

A machine with a console in its construction is different only in that its sleeve and spindle can move relative to the equipment axis. For the manufacture of parts of complex shape are used 5-axis CNC milling machines. Such designs provide very high quality processing and cost savings. They may have built-in memory and internet connectivity, as well as many other advanced options. Some options have removable tables.

Horizontal designs are distinguished by the fact that in them the spindle has a horizontal pattern of placement. Tools in this category are used to machine small metal parts.

The following types of cutters for metal are used as equipment for horizontal structures:

  • shaped;
  • corner;
  • end;

Metal milling machine: equipment classification and characteristics

  • end;
  • cylindrical.

Standard equipment of a horizontal milling machine with CNC does not allow processing of blanks on a helical surface. To perform such an operation will require additional equipment.

Due to its structure, the horizontal tool allows you to install the tabletop in different positions. The table can be perpendicular or parallel with respect to the spindle axis. All key and working elements of a design are mounted on a bed. The gearbox, designed to adjust the rotational speed of the spindle, is located inside this area.

Drilling and milling equipment allows you to handle both vertical and horizontal, and inclined surfaces. With this tool you can form the grooves of any modifications on large-sized workpieces. The machine of this type is equipped with a drilling and milling head. It allows the processing of surfaces placed at an angle with respect to the horizontal axis, and the drilling operation at an angle.

Metal milling machine: equipment classification and characteristics

A distinctive feature of the desktop drilling and milling machine for metal is advanced functionality. The working head can function in the reverse mode. Due to its versatility, this unit can at the highest level perform such popular operations as drilling and milling.

Note! Due to the versatility of the drilling and milling machine allows you to save money when buying, because the consumer in one design receives several useful and effective tools at once. In addition, universal equipment saves working space in the workshop.

The capabilities of multi-purpose machines will be useful for small private businesses and workshops that specialize in mechanical and repair work.

Universal milling machines for metal can perform processing of various objects:

  • vertical surfaces;
  • stamps;

Metal milling machine: equipment classification and characteristics

  • horizontal planes;
  • surface spiral type.

Considering the presence of a large number of functions, universal milling machines differ from standard tools in some structural features. Such important components as the gearbox, spindle assembly and other work items are placed on the inner side of the frame. The design of the tool provides for the presence of horizontal and vertical guides. They are designed to move the desktop and console.

In addition, the work surface can be further adjusted. This element can be installed at any convenient angle to the spindle. Due to this, the operator has the opportunity to perform processing of any metal parts. There are no exceptions blanks with a very complex configuration.

Constructions of desktop type have compact dimensions. Due to this, this type of equipment is suitable for technical equipment of various objects:

  1. Home workshops.

Metal milling machine: equipment classification and characteristics

  1. Shops of small productions.
  2. Workshops in educational institutions.

To perform operations such as the formation of holes, the creation of threads and machining of parts, it is better to buy a desktop milling machine for metal. It is easy to use and due to the presence of various cutters allows you to perform a wide range of works. The result is distinguished by sufficiently high accuracy, since the design of the tool is very rigid (assuming proper installation).

CNC bench milling machines for metal have a high level of performance, which allows the use of this type of equipment for manufacturing products in small serial batches. Despite the significant indicator of efficiency and an extensive range of functionality, the tool consumes a small amount of electrical energy. In addition, the design has compact dimensions, so that it can easily be installed in a workshop with a limited free area.

The advantages of desktop designs over standard models:

  • small weight and compact dimensions;
  • simple operation system;
  • mobility;

Metal milling machine: equipment classification and characteristics

  • low noise level;
  • affordable cost.

Note! The size of the workpiece can not exceed the width of the table.

On sale you can find turning equipment for the home workshop, which is able to ensure the implementation of the full cycle of works for the manufacture of the necessary parts.

Metal turning and milling machines are divided by accuracy class into the following categories:

  • normal accuracy;
  • high quality;
  • high precision machining.

Using the drawing for the manufacture of a particular part, you must specify all the tolerances on the linear dimensions, as well as the degree of cleanliness of processing. Desktop tool options are practically no different from full-size machines.

Metal milling machine: equipment classification and characteristics

The most common types of cutters for metal milling machines of this type:

  • disk;
  • end;
  • cylindrical;
  • end;
  • shaped

Metal milling machine: equipment classification and characteristics

In general, to make a home mill and a table for it is very simple. The main thing is to take into account the working conditions and comply with safety requirements. All mechanisms that are present in the design should match each other in terms of parameters: service life, load, cooling time and heating. If these indicators coincide, in the course of work the tool will give good results. This requirement is of particular importance if the equipment for the home workshop is made independently.

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