Raspberries – a very common and many favorite berries. The fruits ripen early, smell wonderful, and also have an excellent taste. The plant propagates easily and quickly. From the bush planted in the spring, for the second year you can get a small crop. And if you choose the right place for planting, the crop can be increased. Simplify the care of the plant will help trellis for raspberries. This article will tell about the features of planting shrubs using supports.
Raspberry: planting and caring for the bushes of a fruitful plant
Raspberries – unpretentious culture, the fruits of which have a pleasant taste and antipyretic properties. Jam from this berry turns out very tasty and fragrant. Thick raspberries looks beautiful on any site. Planted raspberries can be in the spring or autumn. Growing raspberries in the country – the process is not as complicated as it seems. If everything is done correctly, the bushes will quickly take root, begin to grow rapidly and give a rich harvest. From this publication you will learn how to tie a raspberry to the trellis.
Raspberry belongs to the Rosy family. Usually it is an upright shrub with small thorns. The flower of the plant is small. Fruits are of different shades – from light pink to almost black (in the case of blackberry raspberry varieties). There is a raspberry yellow.
The branches on which the fruits will grow appear in the second year of the plant’s life. In the southern regions of Russia, fruits can occur in the first year of planting raspberries. Currently, breeders have brought out remontant raspberry varieties that are capable of producing crops at lower ambient temperatures.
Raspberries should be planted on neutral or slightly acidic soils. A place for shrubs is better to pick up a sunny, protected from strong winds, having a good snow cover in the winter season. You also need to ensure that the predecessors of raspberries were not plants prone to the same diseases, for example, tomatoes, strawberries, potatoes.
The optimal time for planting raspberries is spring and autumn, and green cuttings are planted in summer. It is necessary to prepare the soil for planting in advance, in the case of autumn planting – within a month. In spring, it can be done directly in 2-3 weeks before placing the plant in the ground.
Before planting, the future raspberry cake should be insulated with slate, having dug it to a depth of about 35-40 cm. This should be done to prevent the root system of the raspberry from spreading to other beds and plots. The distance from the raspberry bush to the fence should be at least 1 m. There are several ways to grow a plant:
- individual bushes – about 10 branches are left on the bush and planted in separate holes;
- trellis or ribbon method – plants are planted in one row in a trench.
For planting individual bushes need to pits the size of about 40 x50 cm in each well, pour the planting mixture with a small hillock. Before planting the roots of a plant, it is recommended to moisten in a nutrient solution of mullein or a special solution of planting mixture. Then lower the raspberries into the pit and sprinkle the roots of the plant with a fertile layer of earth.
It is necessary that the distance between the bushes be about 1 m, and between the rows – about 2 m. The root neck should protrude several centimeters above the ground so that after complete shrinkage of the soil and watering it will be at ground level. It is impossible to lower the roots of a plant too deeply, as this may lead to the decay of the root bud. High landing is also undesirable for raspberries.
In the case of trenching bushes, it is necessary to dig a groove about 45 cm deep and about 50 cm wide. The number of trenches depends on the number of supposed raspberry rows. The optimal distance between the rows is about 1 m, the gap between the plants is about 40 cm.
Fill the trench with a nutrient planting mixture. It includes:
- rotted manure or compost;
- fertile topsoil;
- mineral fertilizers – double superphosphate is best suited.
All components are added to the trench in layers or make the mixture, mixing the components.
After planting, the seedlings must be watered, and then the soil must be mulched with humus, peat, or ordinary dry soil. If the soil is perfectly moistened with precipitation, then additional watering is not required. Provided that the buds of the plant are well developed, they need to be cut off, leaving 30 cm.
Helpful advice! Nitrogen fertilizers are not recommended to be added during planting. Raspberries will root badly. Better add some ash.
Watering raspberries should be good, but in moderation, so as not to fill the roots. Especially the plant needs sufficient fluid saturation in the spring and summer period.
Pruning for raspberries is needed to shorten the fruiting shoots and remove too thick and unnecessary growth at the roots. Usually in the spring after planting, fruit-bearing branches are pruned somewhere around 20 cm. From the second year of life, the stalks of the plant are shortened annually after harvest or in spring. After the winter period, branches are cut about 10 cm to a strong bud.
In order not to dig up the soil often, the aisle can be mulched – cover it with straw or peat. To prevent damage to raspberry frost, many varieties need to bend down. To do this, you need to tilt the bushes to each other and tie them.
To prevent the bushes from breaking under the weight of the fruits, they need to be tied up. The most commonly used fan method. In this case, it will be necessary to drive two sticks between the bushes – and already raspberries are tied up at different heights: part of the shoots of one bush and part of the stems of the next one. The result will be a kind of fan.
In the case of a trench planting method, the best option would be to use a trellis garter. In more detail about how to make a trellis on raspberries, you will learn further from this article.
Garter for raspberries is necessary, as the shrub is high – 1.5-1.8 m. At the same time, the shoots of the plants are relatively thin and flexible, and therefore they bend and often do not withstand their own weight. The big harvest forces the branches to sink to the ground, as a result of which the berries get sick and rot.
Only low-growing raspberry bushes can do without a garter. For early and high-yielding varieties, this procedure is simply necessary. In general, the trellis for blackberry and raspberry is very useful, this design has many advantages:
- Thanks to the trellis, you can easily form beautiful rows of raspberries.
- The lower branches of the plant do not get dirty, because they do not touch the ground. As a result, stalks, leaves and berries are not attacked by pests such as snails and frogs.
- Berries, regardless of the weather, remain clean.
- Thanks to the trellis raspberry bushes form the right straight beds with wide gaps between them. This contributes to the excellent blowing by the wind, which guarantees dryness of the bushes, and therefore, prevents fungal diseases.
- The use of a trellis ensures uniform planting of raspberries, as a result, each branch receives the same lighting. This contributes to the simultaneous ripening of berries and simplifies harvesting.
- Gardener easier to care for plants. Watering, weeding and mulching the soil is very easy. In addition, the use of such planting allows you to see and eliminate damaged shoots in time.
- It is easier to harvest, and then prepare the plot for the winter.
- Moving between the bushes is easier. Without a trellis will have to wade through thick thickets.
In order to get all the benefits, it is important to choose and install a trellis construction.
Helpful advice! The base of the trellis should be 80-100 cm buried in the ground, therefore the total length of the pole should be about 230-280 cm: 80-100 cm – in the ground and 150-180 cm – above it.
Raspberries – the plant is very flexible, so under the weight of the crop strongly bends, and the stems of some varieties generally fall to the ground. It is for this reason that it is recommended to grow raspberries on the trellis. This is especially true in the summer – during fruiting.
The design of the trellis is very simple: on both sides of the row with the plant you need to install supporting horizontal poles (or wire), mounted on the posts. To supports crimson stalks tied with twine.
Such a tapestry is easy to manufacture and is known to all gardeners, but its design can be a little more complicated and benefit from it. The support is placed on one side, only not on the edge of the row, but at a distance of 30-40 cm from it. All fruit-bearing branches tilt towards the trellis and fix them. Thanks to such tying up, adult stems do not interfere with the growth of young shoots.
Further we will tell how to tie up raspberry in the spring. It is necessary to install a trellis even before bud break. When the stems are inclined, all the buds germinate upwards, and the crop is placed on the lighted side. Growing stems do not mix with biennial and do not interfere with the harvest. The detachment of young shoots from fruiting promotes better lighting and ventilation, as well as prevents the defeat of the stems of fungal diseases.
There is no better method to increase the yield of the plant and reduce the time for his departure, except to tie up the raspberries in the spring. This process is difficult and time consuming, but it will pay for itself completely after increasing the productivity of shrubs. You can buy a trellis for raspberries to buy or do it yourself. For the manufacture of any durable material is used, including a plastic trellis.
Beautiful and functional trellis favor crop improvement, as well as facilitate the care of plants and help protect them from diseases. Tapestries for raspberries – the best solution, which has many advantages. Indeed, thanks to this design, the process of tying shoots becomes quite simple. In addition, over time, you can change the garter. And also recommended to use the trellis in the greenhouse.
