Storm sewers for storm sewers: purpose, types and correct installation

Storm sewage is a very important component of any household plot, as well as the territory from which it is necessary to divert water. Storm sewers for storm sewers are an indispensable component of this drainage system. Drainage basins can be made of various materials, have different weight and dimensions, withstand different loads, and for their proper installation you need to fulfill certain requirements.

Features of the device storm sewer

The storm sewer serves to drain not only rainwater, but also meltwater from the site. This is done so that the moisture accumulating in the soil does not undermine the foundation of the building, as a result of which it can begin to sag. The composition of any such system must include the following components:

• pipes or gutters for transporting water;
• receivers for transmitting water from the surface;
• drains and drainage wells into which water flows;
• special grids and filters to prevent large and small debris from entering the system.

In addition, with the help of such a system, it is possible to irrigate plants in the area with melt water, extend the service life of walkways and sidewalks, and also protect buildings from the harmful effects of moisture. You can buy a storm water intake for storm sewers to prevent puddles from forming on your site or to prevent water from flowing into the basement.

The presence of storm water in the system of storm water flow is obligatory, since it is through it that water enters the pipes or gutters. If we talk about the structure of the storm water inlet for storm sewers, then it is a complex construction of a rectangular or oval shape, consisting of several parts.

A typical modern water receiver includes the following components:

1. Lattice – closes the structure from above and serves not only for decorative purposes, but also to protect people from possible injuries. In addition, plastic or cast iron gratings of the sewer inlet act as a primary filter, that is, they do not allow large debris to enter the sewage system.
2. The storm water inlet is a square or round construction that serves to direct water into the sewage system.
3. The filter trap is a part of the design that is not present in all models. It serves to prevent small particles of soil, sand and other garbage from entering the sewage system with water. Such a filter is located below the gully tray, so the particles of garbage just sink to its bottom, and the water rises to the level of exit from the receiver.

Note! The debris filter must be cleaned regularly, otherwise over time, an unpleasant odor may appear, evaporating during the evaporation of water from the tray.

This element of the storm sewer is available in various versions. Storm water inlets can vary in shape, depth, weight, and also the material of manufacture. The last parameter is one of the most important. Today, the following designs are available:

• cast iron;
• concrete;
• plastic.

Concrete inlets are widespread in road construction, and are also used where the system for collecting water from the surface is subjected to heavy loads. They can be made of heavy and durable reinforced concrete, as well as lighter and cheaper fiber-reinforced concrete. In addition, a concrete gully can be light, heavy or trunk.

A lightweight version of the design is usually mounted under the outlet of the drainpipe and supplied with a plastic outlet. The typical shape of the light receiver is cubic, and the wall thickness is no more than 2 cm. The design features of this type allow you to install several receivers on top of each other, if necessary to increase the depth of the well. Of the advantages of lightweight concrete structures, one can distinguish durability, a high level of resistance to temperature drops and other adverse effects, as well as a relatively low cost. The average size of a lightweight concrete receiver is 40×40 cm.

Heavy concrete gully for storm sewer can withstand loads up to 3 tons. Therefore, these types of structures are installed in areas with an average load, which include gas stations, sites near cafes or streets with a small traffic flow. As a material for the manufacture of modern models used vibrated fiber-reinforced concrete, and the wall thickness is not less than 2 cm. The lattice for such a receiver is made of ordinary or galvanized iron, which can withstand heavy loads.

The main type is different from others collapsible type of design. It is assembled from individual elements, so when installing rainwater inlets of the trunk type concrete, it is not necessary to use specialized construction equipment. As a rule, such models are made of reinforced reinforced concrete, which is resistant to temperature changes and does not pass water. The wall thickness is not less than 5 cm, and the gratings are made of cast iron. Trunk cast gully withstand heavy loads and are mounted mainly on the roadway.

In private construction, concrete options are used infrequently, since, for all their merits, they are characterized by a fairly large weight and bulky dimensions, as well as complexity of installation compared to lighter plastic models. Also recently, the use of concrete structures in road construction has significantly decreased, as they were replaced by more durable and wear-resistant options from cast iron.

Cast iron models are also used most often in road construction to divert water from roadways, walkways and sidewalks. They are made of a grade of cast iron SCH20, which boasts a very high level of resistance to all sorts of aggressive substances, as well as resistance to constant physical exertion. Designs differ in shape, mass and maximum permissible load:

• DM is a small and rectangular model. The mass of this version of the design is 80 kg, and the maximum load is 12.5 tons. Storm-water inlets DM2 and DM1 are installed in the yards of residential buildings and on the roads with a small load;
• DB – large stanchions of rectangular type with a mass of 115 kg. DB2 storm water inlets withstand loads of up to 25 tons, which makes them a good option for installation on roads with high traffic intensity, as well as in parking lots and other similar places. The dimensions of the DB2 inlet are 400×810 mm;

• DK – round model with a weight of about 100 kg. DK round gutters are used when the current rectangular version is under repair or reconstruction. The maximum load is 15 tons.

Note! Rectangular and round cast iron inlets are characterized by a long service life, but for their installation it is necessary to use special construction equipment because of the large weight of the structure.

Among the advantages that the use of cast iron structures provides are the following:

• good throughput, can pass a large amount of water per unit of time;
• very high strength and ability to withstand heavy physical exertion;
• long service life of the material;

• environmental friendliness, safety for the environment and human health;
• high level of corrosion resistance, as cast iron is covered with a special anti-corrosion composition;
• relatively low cost.

The disadvantages of cast iron sewers for storm sewage include the following points:

• large weight of the material and the whole structure;
• in the absence of a special coating, the cast iron starts to rust very quickly;
• during installation it is necessary to provide for the installation of special locking mechanisms in order to insure against theft.

In private construction, cast-iron water inlets DB1 are most often found, since they are the most compact. The length of this model is 695 mm, width – 470 mm, and height – 120 mm. Lattices for cast-iron structures are made of the same material and are also characterized by increased strength, durability and wear resistance. Gratings are attached to the receivers with screws or bolts.

Plastic storm water intake for storm sewers is the most popular option for installation in the dacha or backyard territory. It is usually made of special cold-resistant polypropylene, which is characterized by resistance to temperature extremes, aggressive chemical environments and loads. The standard sizes of plastic storm water inlets are 300x300x300 mm, as well as 400x400x400 and 500x500x500 mm.

Plastic models are classified according to the maximum allowable load on the grid. Depending on this parameter, the following classes are distinguished:

• A – maximum load is up to 1.5 tons. Such models are used on private homesteads and pedestrian paths;
• B – withstand up to 12.5 tons, installed in garage cooperatives, in car parks;

• C – load up to 25 tons, can be installed on roads or gas stations;
• D – 40 tons, can withstand the weight of the truck;
• E – up to 60 tons, can be mounted on the parking of trucks and in other places with increased load;
• F – up to 90 tons, installed on the platforms for the movement of specialized heavy machinery.

Helpful advice! When choosing a class of receiver, it is better to be safe and get a bit of an option with a permissible load that exceeds your calculations.

At any size of the storm water inlet for the storm sewage system made of plastic, it consists of the following components:

1. Recycle Bin – serves to protect the system from various debris falling into it. In plastic drain boxes Gidrolica 300×300 mm and other similar models, trash settles to the bottom of the basket, so it must be periodically removed and cleaned.
2. Rubber siphon – prevents the spread of unpleasant odor, which may occur as a result of rotting debris and evaporation of water from the bottom of the basket.
3. The partition – acts as a water seal and is needed when connecting to the receiver of the water drainage system.
4. Lid – serves to completely close the storm water intake, is used during the cold season or when this receiver is not used for any reason.
5. Grate – through it water enters the storm water inlet. Round or square model is selected in accordance with the shape of the receiver.
6. The hatch – is applied in wells of the closed type.
7. Extension – allows you to increase the depth of the structure.

In addition, receivers differ in the type of water drainage. It can be carried out down or to the side, and the choice of this parameter depends on the design features of your storm sewer system and the place of inlet water in it.

The main reason why many people prefer to buy a plastic water inlet is their low weight compared to models made of concrete or cast iron. Simplicity of installation follows from this advantage. To install a plastic construction, you do not need to use specialized construction equipment and you can easily do it yourself. In addition, plastic is quite resistant to all sorts of negative influences, for example, to temperature changes or aggressive chemicals.

Another advantage of plastic gullets, which favorably distinguishes them from cast-iron models, is ease of maintenance. In order to clean such a structure, simply remove the basket and discard its contents, then rinse. With small sizes of plastic inlets and ease of construction it is very easy to make. The drain pipe is connected to a plastic receiver without using special fasteners, and the connection itself is possible in two planes.

Lattices for plastic structures can be made of the same polymer, as well as tin or cast iron. The last option is the most durable, so it is mounted in places with increased load.

The prices of plastic drain boxes depend on the manufacturer and the design features. The average cost is 700-800 rubles per item.

The choice of the size of the storm water inlet and its other characteristics must be begun, starting from the proposed system of storm sewers. The latter is designed on the basis of the following data:

• the maximum amount of precipitation on the territory – this parameter is recognized from the SNiP reference book; in the same place, it is necessary to see the maximum parameter of snow cover in winter;
• moisture absorption coefficient – depends on the type of coverage of the territory, for example, for rubble it is 0.4, and for the roof – 1;
• area of ​​the territory from which water will be discharged.

The type of storm sewer is determined from this data. The choice of a storm water inlet is also carried out depending on the intensity of precipitation in the territory, general climatic conditions, the type of soil and the maximum load.

Helpful advice! If the price of the storm water intake for the storm sewage system does not suit you, and you need to divert water from the territory, then you can try a homemade version. It is made of ordinary bricks, from which a small well is laid out. The walls of the well are plastered from the inside, and the side is connected to the pipeline.

The installation of a storm water inlet for storm sewers is carried out under the outlet of a sewer pipe or in those places where puddles form after rain or as a result of snow melting. When installing special attention should be paid to the depth of installation. It is also recommended to choose such an arrangement of the structure so that the water from the pipe falls exactly at its center. And if it is not possible to locate the drain at the lowest point of the territory, then it is necessary to carry out special indentations to it, through which water will flow into the receiver.

Once you have decided on the type of construction and the place of its installation, you can proceed directly to the installation of the storm water inlet. It consists of the following steps:

1. Dig out the pit. Its depth is determined by the size of the receiver itself, to which it is necessary to add 30-40 cm. The width of the pit should also be larger than the dimensions of the structure by about 3 cm on each side, as it will be strengthened with a concrete solution.
2. At the bottom of the pit is mounted a special sand pillow. After falling asleep the sand is filled with water and carefully compacted.
3. The storm water inlet is connected to a pipe or tray system. At the same time it is necessary to ensure that the whole structure is exactly aligned in height.
4. The bottom of the pit is filled with a small layer of concrete solution, in which the receiver is installed. When installing a storm water inlet with your own hands, it is necessary to secure the structure in the concrete to avoid its displacement afterwards.
5. Concrete solution is poured from the sides of the structure. In order that the plastic model does not deform under the pressure of concrete, its walls can be additionally strengthened with a metal grid.
6. Installed partitions and basket inlets.

Remember that the life and efficiency of the structure depends on how correctly you installed the storm water inlet. As shown by many video installations of storm water inlets, this should be done before installing the coating on the site. It is necessary to do a paving on a site which adjoins to the receiver of rain water, only in several days after end of installation of the last. During this time, the concrete finally hardens, and you can safely lay any type of coating.

Helpful advice! If you are going to asphalt the territory in which the receiver is located, then the place around it with a diameter of 1-1.5 m is recommended to be filled with sand, gravel or bitumen. This will not allow asphalt to damage the structure of the outlet.

One of the key factors that also needs to be considered when installing a storm water inlet for storm sewers is the strength and reliability of the foundation. Note that when temperature drops, the soil into which the receiver is installed may expand and contract, therefore the concrete pad and walls surrounding the structure must be extremely reliable. Otherwise, you will have to reinstall the drain in the first spring. How to avoid this prompt numerous thematic videos on the Internet.

If you do not have sufficient construction skills for self-assembly of the structure, then you can entrust this matter to qualified specialists. In this case, the cost of installing a storm water intake will depend on the type of receiver, the depth of installation and a number of other factors.

The storm water inlet is one of the most demanding in terms of servicing elements of a storm sewer system. This is due to the fact that water enters it directly from the surface, and it is here that its primary cleaning of debris occurs. If you want the receiver basket littered less often, then you should pay attention to the model with a fine-grained grid, which will not miss small debris.

In any case, the basket of the receiver must be removed and cleaned at least once every 2-3 months. Otherwise, you risk getting not only a blockage, but also a source of an unpleasant smell under your house. If the blockage was formed at the junction of the structure and the pipeline, then it should be removed with the help of special plumbing fixtures.

The prices of storm water inlets in the modern construction market make it easy to acquire such a structure for arranging storm sewers in a private area, and the ease of installation and operation has made this element of the water drainage system very popular.