How to choose an autonomous sewer in a private house? This issue every year becomes more urgent and relevant. Indeed, not only the volume of private suburban construction, but also the diversity of sewer systems has recently increased significantly. If everything is relatively clear with the internal structure of sewer networks, then it is necessary to deal more deeply with the external structures.
Types of private sewers
Any sewer system is divided into internal and external. The internal one introduces the piping system inside the building, and the external one starts on the external pipe to the sewer installation. When constructing an internal sewage system, there is nothing particularly to choose. The main thing here is the correct installation of pipes with the desired angle of inclination. To do this, you need to draw up a diagram of the entire sewage system and provide for connections, valves and siphons so that there are no unpleasant odors.
Another thing is an outdoor sewage system. Here there are several types of it. In order to know how to choose an autonomous sewer in a private house, you need to consider all types of external sewer installations. In addition, it is necessary to know the geological structure of the upper soil layers, the level of groundwater rise, the number of people permanently living in the house.
Helpful advice! Before buying a sewer installation, you need to accurately calculate the load on it. This will prevent unnecessary waste due to the acquisition of excessive power or damage due to its lack.
With rare use of sewage systems, such as in dachas, for example, it is enough to dig in the usual storage tank or simply equip a cesspool. As it accumulates, waste will need to be disposed of at a special landfill. This implies a call ascension technology. Cumulative systems are the cheapest, but their maintenance can be costly.
With direct residence in a country house, such a system is not very rational, since the removal of sewage will have to be carried out more often, which is fraught with significant financial costs. To understand their volume you need to know that when using all sanitary household appliances, one person is able to produce up to 200 liters of waste per day.
A family of 5 persons per day will produce 1 m? drains Even if the capacity is 10 m ?, it will fill in just 10 days. The call of an assenizatorsky car on the basis of KAMAZ with the corresponding tank will cost from 15 to 30 cu, which is quite a serious sum.
Make storage tanks of various materials. This can be a concrete tank made by cast-in-place casting of a solution, or a septic tank made of concrete rings used to strengthen the walls of wells.
Helpful advice! Concrete tanks require large labor costs. This is such a sewage system for a country house that only a person who is not afraid of hard work can choose it. It is easier to order a steel container that is primed with waterproofing coating material, or to buy a finished plastic container in a store.
Man borrowed this principle of sewage system from nature itself. After all, it provides for the implementation of the process of decomposition of organic waste with the help of microorganisms. At the same time, such substances as water, carbon dioxide, simple nitrogen compounds and a little methane are formed. Used bacteria are either aerobic or anaerobic. The first for the oxidation of organics requires the presence of oxygen, and the second is not needed.
Purification of wastewater by biological methods is carried out in natural and artificial ways. Natural cleaning with aerobic bacteria occurs in the soil layers, and anaerobic at the bottom of water bodies. It is possible only with a small amount of them. With significant emissions that appeared with the beginning of the use of washing machines and showers, bacteria in natural conditions do not have time to cope with the load, so these drains can not be carried out directly into the natural environment. This is where artificial structures come to the rescue: bioponds and filtration fields.
The filtration field is a platform on which wastewater is poured. There they are filtered, passing through a massive layer of soil. During this passage, all pollutants are deposited in the upper layers, and the water is in the lower aquifers already in a fully purified form. Bioponds are ponds with conditions optimal for the life of microorganisms. In them, the processing of organic matter is anaerobic way.
What is the best septic tank to give: choose, depending on the conditions of the site. What are the types of septic tanks for performance, device, volume and principle of operation. What are septic tanks better.
It is clear that only those who have sufficiently large areas of land can choose a sewage system for a country house with this type of cleaning. For other cases there are more compact installations: septic tanks and aeration stations of cleaning. For better treatment of wastewater, they install biofilters.
Aeration stations clean sewage through the activity of aerobic bacteria. Oxygen is delivered to them forcibly. Therefore, for such installations need electricity. In addition, aeration stations are more complex than other devices. Unlike it, the septic tank does not require forced aeration, since the bacteria that work in it, recycle the sewage, being satisfied with the natural flow of air.
These installations are autonomous and do not require electricity. Purification of sewage in them is carried out by settling and separation into fractions.
Helpful advice! If the septic tank is equipped with a biofilter, then its efficiency will increase very significantly. Bacteria are able to clean water up to 95% purity.
If you clearly understand that the cumulative capacity does not suit you, and natural cleaning on the filtration fields is impossible, then you will have to choose between biological treatment stations and septic tanks. Aerotank have smaller dimensions and greater performance.
At the same time, their device is much more complicated, and normal functioning is possible only with proper installation and installation. In addition, bacteria need a constant influx of new sewage and uninterrupted supply of oxygen. In case of violation of a single condition, the station is not able to go to normal operation.
If you do not know how to choose an autonomous sewage system in a private house, but you are ready:
- supply the station with a constant stream of sewage with a volume of more than 10 m? / day;
- attract good professionals for installation and commissioning;
- provide round-the-clock and uninterrupted power supply of the system;
- pay for high-quality and regular service work;
then you can install a biological wastewater treatment plant. If you are unable to fulfill these conditions, then it is better to stop at septic tanks, which are cleaned by settling.
Knowing in detail how to choose an autonomous sewage system in a private house, you will be able to provide the most efficient and cheap wastewater filtration system.
