Unstable voltage in the mains can permanently damage household appliances and electronic equipment in the house. Even if the warranty period of the equipment has not yet passed, the service will be refused, as the warranty is valid under the condition of operation with a voltage of 220V (± 10%). The 220V home voltage regulator is a protective device specifically designed to compensate for surges and surges in the electrical grid. Modern voltage regulators for the house have a small weight and size, can be easily transferred to any convenient place for work.
220V voltage stabilizer for home: types and characteristics of devices
Voltage fluctuations in the power grid can be observed for various reasons: in the winter period – it is the universal inclusion of electric air heaters for additional heating, which leads to a decrease in voltage, in the summer season – an increase in voltage can provoke lightning, possibly entering substations. 220V home voltage regulators are specifically designed to smooth out fluctuations and voltage drops in the network.
Helpful advice! To significantly extend the life of household and electronic equipment, you should use it in power saving mode, connecting via a voltage regulator.
To learn how to choose 220V voltage regulators for your home, you should familiarize yourself with the types and advantages of these devices. Manufacturers of these devices offer several types of stabilizers.
Electronic (relay) rectifiers
Such converters have high efficiency and quick response to fluctuations in the network. They contain transformer windings with multiple branches. Racks to voltage drops due to the absence of mechanical elements in the device.
The advantages of electronic voltage stabilizer 220V for home:
- compact size;
- silent operation;
- wide conversion range;
- work with overload (up to 110% of nominal);
- reasonable price, long life.
Among the disadvantages is the low accuracy of the output voltage (error up to 8%). If the house consumes a lot of electricity, such a stabilizer is inappropriate.
The device of this rectifier involves an electric motor inside the coil. He sets in motion on the winding brushes with a graphite tip. Powerful enough devices are distinguished by smoothness of regulation and high-precision output voltage.
Advantages of devices:
- high performance;
- overload portability (up to 200%);
- silent operation;
- affordable price;
- durability.
From the negative points:
- low leveling speed;
- the need for maintenance;
- periodic failure of mechanical components;
- inability to work at a negative temperature below 5 ° C.
In their device have two or more coils of wire, strung on metal rods of a capacitor. Benefits:
- high speed of response to fluctuations in the network;
- work at temperature range from -40 ° С to + 50 ° С;
- durability of operation.
Disadvantages of 220V ferroresonant voltage regulators for the home:
- price;
- large dimensions;
- distortion of output indicators;
- noisy work;
- frequency variation;
- the inability to function with a load below the nominal by 10-20%.
According to the method of connection, stabilizers can be stationary, when the device is connected to the dashboard, and local, connected directly to the electrical device. There are single-phase and three-phase models of stabilizers:
- single-phase – designed for the power grid with a voltage of 220V, used for household appliances;
- three-phase – operate at 380V, designed for large loads, used mainly in production.
Determining the type of converter for a private house, you need to clarify which cable is connected to the building. If the cable contains no more than three wires – the power supply system is single phase. If there are four wires, the power supply is three-phase. Quite often, a three-phase network is used in private property homes. Many owners in the outbuildings install woodworking machines or any electric motors that are three-phase consumers.
Choosing stabilizers, you can go two ways: purchase a three-phase stabilizer, the choice of which is small and represents mainly electromechanical models; or redistribute the three-phase load on single-phase devices-consumers. Thus, three separate single-phase networks are obtained from the three-phase network. The load on each of the individual networks will be different in power, depending on the technology used.
Proper connection of the washing machine to the water supply and sewage. Choosing a place to install. Rules for connecting to various types of communications.
When purchasing voltage stabilizers, their power should be taken into account. If it is indicated that when the stabilizer is operating, there is a half power loss, then a device with higher power should be selected.
Helpful advice! When purchasing a voltage regulator for the home, pay attention to the markings on the device: Y – a narrow range of differences; PT – device with high accuracy; W-wide range of differences and portability of increased loads.
Choose relatively silent models with acceptable sizes. If the place to install the device in the house is limited, you can use wall-mounted voltage regulators 220V for the house. Given the lack of noise, compact size, modern design and convenient installation of wall stabilizers, the popularity of these devices is constantly growing.
In order to accurately determine the power of the converter, it is necessary to sum up the power of all the equipment per rectifier and add 30% to the sum obtained so that there is a small power reserve. So, if the total power of all equipment in the house is 4 kW, you will need to connect a single-phase voltage regulator of 5 kW.
Every household appliance on the back has power consumption information. When calculating, use the starting power value. This value is defined as the product of the power of the instrument with the electric motor and the multiplicity factor.
The multiplicity factor for different household appliances:
- refrigerator, automatic washing machine – 3-5;
- microwave, Bulgarian – 2;
- air conditioning – 2-35;
- perforator – 3.
For example, the power at the start of a microwave oven at 0.6 kW will be equal to 0.6×2 = 1.2 (kW).
Helpful advice! When calculating the power of the stabilizer, it is necessary to take into account not the total starting power of all the household appliances you have, but to choose the most powerful electrical equipment for connection through a rectifier. The power of this device determines the power of the stabilizer.
The power of the stabilizer is faster and easier to calculate, based on the power indicator of the machines installed in the panel. If the power of the machine is 25A, and the mains voltage is 220V, the required active power of the stabilizer will be equal to 5500 W (25×220) or 5.5 kW. Also it is necessary to take into account the section of the wire in the wiring: if the apartment is located in the house of the old building, then the wiring in such houses has a cross section of 4 mm? with a maximum current of 32A and install a powerful rectifier does not make sense. For new homes will be relevant stabilizer capacity of 20 kVA. Such equipment can protect household appliances from short circuit.
The electrical equipment market offers a wide range of voltage regulators from different manufacturers. Among them are Volt, Resanta, Volter, Luxeon and others.
The most relevant area of use of voltage stabilizers is the protection of video equipment, refrigerators, pumps and other household appliances. Converters cope with the problem of voltage surges, overloads, overheating and short circuit.
Resant’s converters are deservedly popular. If the voltage drops in the network are observed frequently, it is possible to give preference to the 220V relay voltage regulator for Resant’s house over 10 kW. Such stabilizers are suitable for many types of household equipment: refrigerators, electric stoves, pumps and gas boilers.
If there is a lot of electrical engineering in the house, which involves the simultaneous operation of several devices, and the voltage occasionally jumps from 190V to 250V, then the equipment can be protected by connecting a powerful single-phase voltage regulator 15 kW. This rectifier will ensure the smooth operation of several consumers with different loads.
If a three-phase cable is connected to the house, and consumers are not supposed to use 380V, it makes sense to purchase several single-phase stabilizers, and they may be different in type and price. It all depends on your choice. For example, if the main and most powerful equipment you have is in the kitchen, you can use a single-phase voltage stabilizer of 10 kW. For rooms in the living room and bedroom, where only a television and a computer are located, it is possible to do without connecting a single-phase voltage stabilizer of 3 kW. In addition, more or less accurate rectifiers can be used at different phases, which are also different in cost.
Assembling a voltage regulator 220V do it yourself
Many craftsmen consider the cost of factory rectifiers too high, so they prefer to make it yourself. All accessories for the device are purchased in the respective stores. Going converter own hands on the scheme of the voltage regulator 220V. The layout of all elements is printed on the printer and transferred to the board using a regular iron.
Of the positive qualities of such stabilizers, it is possible to point out only the low cost and the ability to replace the failed element independently. As for the quality and reliability of such models, there is a clear advantage in factory devices. Indeed, in order to assemble a model with high efficiency and power, special measuring devices are needed.
To assemble the stabilizer yourself, you need to understand all the subtleties of the functioning of the rectifiers, purchase all the relevant parts and carry out their correct installation. If there is no such confidence, it is better to give preference to a high-quality factory model, albeit more expensive in cost, but superior to the home-made analogue in all other criteria.
If the price of all household equipment and appliances that are in your home is significantly higher than the cost of even an expensive voltage converter, it would be a natural decision to purchase it.
