Waterproofing a bathroom under the tile: which is better? Device and materials, do it yourself

The bathroom is a room with special requirements. This is due to the specific mode of its operation and a separate microclimate. To provide indoors protection from excessive moisture or from the effects of pipe leaks, it is necessary to waterproof the bathroom under the tile: what is better to use to create such protection?

Waterproofing a bathroom under the tile: which is better? Device and materials, do it yourself

Why do you need waterproofing the bathroom floor

Increased humidity, temperature changes, the periodic formation of steam and condensate – all of this has an adverse effect on the finish, the decor of the bathroom, on the floor. Moisture penetrates through the seams under the tile, accumulates under the tile, in places of laying and joints of pipes and communications, creating comfortable conditions for the emergence and reproduction of mold, fungi and harmful bacteria.

Waterproofing is needed to protect the concrete base of the bathroom from the adverse effects of dampness. The waterproofing layer is a guarantee of the safety of walls, ceiling and floor in case of emergency situations associated with leaks, flooding and pipe breakthroughs.

Waterproofing a bathroom under the tile: which is better? Device and materials, do it yourself

Materials for waterproofing in the bathroom floor and walls are very diverse. The traditional composition for waterproofing – bitumen, which is also impregnated with the coating materials, but the modern industry offers many other options. Their most sought-after species are:

  • coating materials in the form of mastic;
  • glueing roll materials with waterproofing impregnation;
  • paste-like (for example, polymer-cement compositions, such as Ceresite waterproofing) and liquid compositions;
  • penetrating hydroprotective compositions that change the structure of porous materials (for example, concrete);
  • dry mixes for the manufacture of solutions;
  • waterproofing plaster, designed not only for insulation, but also for leveling surfaces;
  • sprayed rubber-based or polymer-based compounds that, after solidification, create a hydro-barrier in the form of a film.

They have their own characteristics, on which their area of ​​application depends.

Waterproofing a bathroom under the tile: which is better? Device and materials, do it yourself

The main selection criterion is the technical characteristics of the room. It is necessary to consider the following:

  • bathroom to protect against moisture does not require such a powerful waterproofing as the protection of the foundation;
  • Of no small importance is the cost of materials: they can be quite expensive;
  • technology works should not be too difficult if the goal is to make waterproofing a bathroom under the tile with your own hands.

Waterproofing mixtures are divided into one-component and two-component. There is no fundamental difference between them: the first ones are diluted with water, and the two-component mixture is made using a polymer emulsion.

Waterproofing a bathroom under the tile: which is better? Device and materials, do it yourself

Bathrooms are most often used for pasting or coating materials based on bitumen, latex (for example, Knauf Flehendicht waterproofing) or polymers. They may differ in composition, application technology and price, but the basic principles for determining the scope of work and the choice of a specific type of protective substance are the same.

Tile for the apron in the kitchen. Photos of tiles of different types and styles. How to choose the right tile for the apron in the kitchen, types of tiles for the apron. The design of the apron in the interior of the kitchen.

What is better to protect from all-pervasive water: only parts of the floor or its entire area? Do I need to handle walls and other surfaces? Distribute the waterproofing layer in three ways:

  1. Only on the surface of the floor with the formation of the walls on the walls with a height of about 20 cm.
  2. On the floor and sections of the walls surrounding the plumbing.
  3. On the floor and walls, processing the vertical surface over the entire height.

Waterproofing a bathroom under the tile: which is better? Device and materials, do it yourself

However, sometimes the same type of material on horizontal and vertical surfaces has to be applied in different ways. This should be considered when choosing a waterproofing device technology.

This type of protective coating is performed by applying a plastic composition. Its thickness, depending on the number of superimposed layers, can be different: from 1 mm to several cm. The main advantage of coating waterproofing is that when using it, a seamless durable but elastic coating is created. The advantage is that it does not need a perfectly flat surface and can be applied to any substrate. The use of coating compositions as a waterproofing of the floor under the tile in the bathroom is preferable in those cases when it is necessary to fill the screed.

Waterproofing a bathroom under the tile: which is better? Device and materials, do it yourself

Helpful advice! In general, for a waterproofing layer with a thickness of 2 mm per 1 m2 the surface will need 3.2 kg of bitumen mastic. Therefore, its use is one of the most budget options.

The specific type of material depends on the place of its use:

  1. On horizontal surfaces – bitumen and bitumen-polymer mastics, pastes based on oxidized bitumen, modified with additives to increase elasticity and strength with a decrease in toxicity.
  2. Compositions that create a thin film on the surface — bitumen or mastic diluted to the point of appearance; water-repellent varnishes or paints for wooden or metal elements. On the floor, these substances are simply poured out and evenly smeared with a rubber trowel, applied to other surfaces with a brush or roller in two layers.

Waterproofing a bathroom under the tile: which is better? Device and materials, do it yourself

Pasting waterproofing is made of waterproof coating in the form of films, sheets or rolls, fixed in several layers using special adhesive mixtures. To obtain hermetic seams, sheets are overlapped.

Important! Sometimes for fixing sheets of waterproofing waterproofing is used to heat their edges with a gas burner, however, this method is unsafe.

The advantage of waterproofing with pasting is the low cost of the material. However, it will require the calculation of its quantity, precise cutting, and flooring and leveling the panels is a rather laborious process. Pasting material after cutting should lie in a straightened form within 24 hours.

Waterproofing a bathroom under the tile: which is better? Device and materials, do it yourself

The surfaces are leveled and, after complete drying, the screed and plaster are coated with a primer, all seams are waterproofed and, if necessary, polymeric glue is applied. Then begin laying sheets – from anywhere on the floor. After the formation of the first layer of waterproofing, the sides are installed on the walls, about 20 cm high. Additional protection is also possible for areas adjacent to sanitary engineering. When pasting walls, sheets are applied from bottom to top.

Video and photo instructions distributed on the Internet will help not only to choose insulation materials, but also to study the technology of their application.

Before starting to work on waterproofing, you need to free the room from debris and clean the surface of the existing coatings, repairing the damage. If the walls are aligned, it is necessary to maintain an interval of two weeks before waterproofing.

Waterproofing a bathroom under the tile: which is better? Device and materials, do it yourself

Despite the fact that the 3D or self-leveling floor, as well as the anti-slip “stone carpet”, are in themselves ideal as a waterproofing coating and are spreading more and more widely (despite the high cost), tile trimming remains traditional.

Before starting work, all the lines of interfacing walls and floors, as well as the seams of panels and slabs, extend to 2 cm. Longitudinal grooves and joints in the corners are degreased and filled with self-adhesive waterproofing cord or silicone compound, and then sealed with waterproofing tape.

Then the floor, walls, ceiling and all corners should be wiped with a solution against fungus and mold.

Waterproofing a bathroom under the tile: which is better? Device and materials, do it yourself

Helpful advice! The simplest antiseptic solution can be prepared independently by mixing water, medical and ammonia.

First, the walls are treated with a waterproofing compound. Do this with a brush, applying a mixture of only vertical or horizontal strokes. After that, proceed to the treatment of the floor. For its preparation often use gasoline or other strong solvent. The solution for the floor is more liquid than for the walls, applied with a brush or roller.

Important! The room in which the work goes, you need to constantly ventilate. To avoid poisoning by vapors of the mixture, it is desirable to use a protective mask.

Waterproofing a bathroom under the tile: which is better? Device and materials, do it yourself

After all surfaces have been processed the necessary number of times, the room is finally aired and dried for 24 hours. At the same time it is impossible to walk on the floor, and you should also protect it from dust, moisture and foreign objects. Then you can begin to fill the screed and finishing work.

Tip! To obtain perfectly smooth vertical surfaces, the walls treated with waterproofing can be sheathed with moisture-resistant gypsum plasterboard.

Waterproofing a bathroom under the tile: which is better? Device and materials, do it yourself

Materials for waterproofing a bathroom decorated with wood are specific. It is recommended to use a mixture of liquid rubber with an activator.

Helpful advice! In the bathroom with wooden trim in addition to the usual waterproofing layer should use an external hydrophobic coating.

Wood cladding must be carefully insulated to protect it from swelling, mildew and rotting, additionally treated with water-repellent varnishes, paints or impregnations to protect against condensation.

Waterproofing a bathroom under the tile: which is better? Device and materials, do it yourself

A brief sequence of works on waterproofing a wooden floor is as follows:

  1. Clear the subfloor, lay logs, vapor barrier film and insulation boards on it. Seal the joints between the lags and plates with sealant. If mineral mats are used as insulation, you should put a layer of waterproof plywood on top.
  2. Apply waterproofing using a roller. After the first layer dries, check it for uniformity and smoothness, if necessary – add the second one.
  3. Lay the finish coat.

Waterproofing in this way can be arranged in particularly wet areas, including in baths and pools.

Waterproofing a bathroom under the tile: which is better? Device and materials, do it yourself

Shower without a tray requires a special approach to waterproofing:

  1. The device is a ladder for drainage. The surface of the body of the ramp is displayed slightly below the level of the clean floor: depending on the location of the drain, the slope is from 2 to 3%.
  2. The drain pipe is connected to the sewage system and is fixed with concrete.
  3. The seams between the ladder and the floor are filled with an elastic profile and treated with waterproof glue.
  4. Next, the actual waterproofing of the room is carried out by the pasting materials.

Waterproofing a bathroom under the tile: which is better? Device and materials, do it yourself

Almost all waterproofing work can be performed independently, without attracting specialists. At the same time, the cost of most materials is low. Careful adherence to technology will help to reliably protect the room of the sanitary unit from excessive moisture and even leaks and flooding.

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