The channel is a popular material used to create various metal structures and framework structures. The condition for the correct choice of profiles is the selection by size, weight and determination of the required quantity. Gosstandart developed the requirements that must meet channel bars. Dimensions, weight, density and their ratio – all this includes the relevant tables of a particular GOST. Descriptions of the most popular sizes are given in the article.
Channel size tables according to GOST
The channel is quite popular product of metal rolling made from different grades of steel. The term itself is of German origin. The main distinctive feature of the profile is the U-shaped product in cross section.
For the manufacture of channel used special equipment. According to the production method, hot-rolled or bent profiles are distinguished. According to the shape of the edges of the shelves, they can be parallel or have a certain slope inside. The classification is also based on a numerical value in the form of a number next to the corresponding marking. The numbers indicate the size, which is determined by the distance between the sides of the shelves outside.
Production of channels, as well as other metal-rolling products, is regulated by the corresponding GOST, where the basic requirements for a particular type of profile are clearly stated. All data is clearly shown in the tables. For example, the normative document “Hot-rolled steel channel bars. The range “(GOST 8240 97) contains 7 such expanded tables.
Using the relevant tabular data, you can determine the quality of the product by correlating its actual dimensions with those described in GOST. Ideally, the figures should coincide completely, although sometimes metal products are made to order. Individual profiles are produced in small batches – for a specific project. The prices of channels for the order differ from the cost of mass production.
The standard height of channels varies from 50 to 400 mm, the width of the shelves is from 32 to 115 mm. The permissible error (compared with the specified regulatory dimensions) can be a maximum of 3 mm. The measured length of the channel corresponds to the indicator from 4 to 13 m.
For designation of different types of channels use special marking. The letter indicates the type of profile, characterizing the features of the structure and location of the faces:
- “P” – indicates parallelism;
- “Y” – indicates the presence of a slope on the edges;
- “E” – indicates profitability;
- “L” – means lightness;
- “C” – says about the special purpose of the profile.
Helpful advice! The numerical value near the letter indicates the size of the product, it corresponds to the height given in the GOST table. It should be noted that usually channels are marked with numerical values in centimeters, and their height in the table is indicated in millimeters. Clearly it looks like this: channel 8, channel weight 12 or channel dimensions 16P.
In addition to the height of the product, other dimensions are also used. In the tables they have special designations:
- h is the height of the profile, which is the basic quantity that determines the size of the metal-roll products;
- b – indicates the width of the shelves;
- S is an indicator of the thickness of the main wall;
- R – defines the radius of the rounded inner part of the shelf;
- t – indicates the thickness of the shelves;
- r is the value of the total radius of curvature of the shelves.
An important indicator in the choice of material (in the design of construction) is the weight of the channel. The correct calculation of the data allows you to accurately calculate the quantity of the necessary products and, thus, save on its acquisition. There are several methods for calculating the weight per meter. They depend on the method of making rolled products. For example, to determine the specific gravity of a hot-rolled channel, the indicators of the radii of the inner rounding and rounding of the shelves are taken into account.
Complex calculations of specific gravity, in addition to mathematical skills, also require updating the school course of physics and geometry. Therefore, it is better to use the ready-made calculations given in special tables, or use an online calculator. To do this, simply enter the necessary data and get an accurate result.
The cost of channels is determined in accordance with running meters. The formation of prices is influenced by the height of the profile, which determines the product number, as well as the steel grade of the product. For example, a channel made from low-alloyed steel will be an order of magnitude more expensive than similar carbon steel products. This is due to the fact that the first type of raw material has enhanced strength characteristics.
The current average prices for channel bars on the Russian metal-roll market are shown in the table below:
| Channel number | Weight per meter, kg | Length in ton, m | Price per meter, rub. |
| five | 4.8 | 207 | 200 |
| 6.5 | 5.9 | 169 | 240 |
| eight | 7.1 | 142 | 265 |
| ten | 8.6 | 115 | 350 |
| 12 | 10.4 | 97 | 420 |
| 14 | 12.3 | 82 | 480 |
| sixteen | 14.2 | 71 | 520 |
| 18 | 16.3 | 60 | 600 |
| 20 | 18.4 | 55 | 760 |
| 22 | 21.0 | 48 | 870 |
| 24 | 24.0 | 42 | 1020 |
| 27 | 27.7 | 35 | 1150 |
| thirty | 31,8 | 32 | 1400 |
| 40 | 48.3 | 21 | 4250 |
The above is a general table. In order to have an idea about each type of channel, its individual features, dimensions and characteristics, it is worthwhile to get to know each species in more detail. Below, as an example, we consider the most common types and sizes of channels with high demand and widespread use.
Channel 10 characteristics: dimensions, weight, cost
The range of channel 10, as a fairly popular metal products, is quite wide. The characteristics of its varieties and types are regulated by GOST # 8240, developed back in 1989. The properties of products include the parameters of shelves and walls, in particular their height and width, and also take into account the radius of curvature of channels with a mark of 10U.
Channel 10 has three subtypes with corresponding markings:
- Y – a profile in which internal regiments are executed with a bias;
- P – channel, where the edges of the shelves have a parallel arrangement;
- E – economical products with parallel placement of shelves.
Helpful advice! Each type of channel has its own designation, for example, 10P, 10U or 10E. The corresponding values are contained in a separate table. Despite the same numerical data, these are different types of products.
The most used in various industries is, due to its size, channel 10P. It is widely used in individual construction for the construction of supporting structures. The number 10 in the marking, in fact, indicates its height, equal to 100 mm, and the letter P indicates the type of profile, while emphasizing the parallel arrangement of the shelves. This type of channel has the following parameters:
- width is 46 mm;
- wall thickness – 4.5 mm;
- shelf thickness – 7.6 mm;
- radius of curvature – 7 mm;
- radius of curvature on the edge of the shelf – 4 mm.
To determine the weight of the channel 10, you need to know the cross-sectional area. This figure corresponds to 10.9 cm ?. The channel of this type is made from 4 to 12 m long. Longer products are carried out under the order. According to calculations, the weight of 1 meter of channel 10 at the density of steel of 7.85 g / cm? Is 8.59 kg. The error in the indicated mass values can be 3-5%. The average price of a channel bar 10 per meter is 356 rubles.
The main parameters of the channel 12: dimensions, weight and cost
A metal product called channel 12 with parallel shelves has a body thickness of 7.8 mm, walls – 4.8 mm. Produce such products with a length of 2 to 12 m. Under the order can be made longer specimens. The popularity of this type of profile is due to its positive qualities, concluded in the optimal ratio of weight, strength and relatively low cost.
Low-alloy steel profiles are to be used at high temperatures and under conditions of increased exposure to chemicals. Also, the products perfectly resist compression and bending, but at the same time, they resist torsion poorly.
You can find out the weight of 1 meter of channel bar 12 using the table above or using the online calculator. The price of the product depends on this parameter. According to the table, the weight of the channel 12 per 1 meter is 10.4 kg.
Like channel sizes of other sizes, this type of product has an additional marking with different characteristics. The most popular is the channel 12P, which has parallel shelves with faces without slope.
The sizes of a channel 12P are given below:
- width – 52 mm;
- weight per meter – 10.40 kg;
- the length in tonne is 95.94 m.
The channel with a mark of 12 has other series. For example, 12L is a metal-roll product with dimensions of 120×30 mm, characterized by inclined shelves. The weight of 1 m of such a profile is equal to 5.02 kg, and the metric area in 1 ton is 199 m.
Helpful advice! The marking of the channel 12C indicates its special purpose, 12E – an economical series of products with shelves without tilt. Their standard size is 120×52 mm, and their weight is slightly lower – 10.24 kg. Accordingly, a ton of material contains almost 97 m.
Channel 14 variations: dimensions, mass, scope
U-shaped products with marking 14, due to its high strength characteristics, are widely used in reinforcement of reinforced concrete products, used for reinforcement of metal structures, as well as in various construction and restoration works. This type of product has its own series:
- 14P is a channel produced in the hot-rolled way, having a general purpose. It is produced according to GOST 8240-97.
- 14U is a special-purpose profile that is widely used in mechanical engineering.
- Steel bent channel with equal shelves produced by means of specialized machines.
- Bent profile of steel with unequal shelves produced on the profile-bending equipment.
Channel 14, like other types of metal, can be both with parallel shelves (labeled “P”), and with inclined – mark “U”. For both series there are general characteristics:
- height – 140 mm;
- width – 58 mm;
- shelf thickness – 8.1 mm;
- wall thickness – 4.9 mm;
- weight of 1 meter channel 14 – 12.3 kg;
- in 1 ton there are 81.3 m of the product.
It should be noted that the weight of the channel 14 is strictly regulated by the requirements of a particular GOST. The maximum error cannot exceed 4.5% of the mass of all purchased products. Channels of this type are produced in lengths from 2 to 12 m. The cost of production depends on the series.
Features of the channel 16: dimensions, weight and cost
Channel 16 is widely used to strengthen large structures such as bridges, supports, as well as when pouring the foundation of high-rise buildings. The technical features of the special series of metal provide for its use in engineering, car building and shipbuilding.
Channel 40, having maximum rigidity, is used in heavy industry, where enormous loads are foreseen, in shipbuilding, as well as for the construction of oil platforms.
Thus, channel bars are of great importance in construction, therefore they are widely used in its various fields. When choosing products, it is necessary to navigate in a range of sizes and know the basic characteristics of each type of channels. This will allow you to choose the right series and make the most efficient use of this type of metal-rolling products.
