Why do we need long-burning boilers for wood at home? In the construction of private housing there is always a need to build an autonomous heating system. It is good if gas is supplied to the construction site. Otherwise, you can, of course, use the electric option, but electricity is too expensive. The second option is an ordinary wood-burning stove with a water circuit, but for heating a large area you will need too much wood, which are also not cheap. However, if you use long-burning wood-burning boilers for your home, then most of the problems will be avoided.
Coppers of long burning on firewood for the house
Solid fuel heat installations are not new. In various variations, they have been used since time immemorial. While burning fuel in large quantities was not a problem for anyone, they did not lose relevance. However, in modern conditions, such a wasteful attitude to resources is inappropriate. Because of this, heating boilers with long burning wood have become widespread. For their operation in the operating mode, it is required several times less firewood than in direct-flow furnaces and boilers.
The installation is a stove with two cameras. Firewood is loaded into one of them. They slowly smolder from top to bottom with minimal access to oxygen. One portion of firewood is enough for 12 – 15 hours of operation of the boiler. As a result of this smoldering, pyrolysis gas is released, which is forcibly supplied through nozzles into the second chamber. There he is subjected to intense burning. Indeed, in this compartment the air enters in sufficient quantities. During combustion, a large amount of heat is released, which heats the fluid inside the circuit.
In addition to efficiency, these boilers have a high environmental friendliness, as they are able to split organic matter from the fuel with almost no residue. Therefore, the smoke from such furnaces is completely safe for humans.
Helpful advice! To get the maximum benefit from heating boilers with long-burning firewood, you need to purchase their combined options. Such plants can also work on ordinary natural gas. Switching between modes in them is carried out automatically.
Coppers of long burning on firewood for the house are issued in different modifications. There are simple and inexpensive devices, the device which provides only the most important function – space heating. Such boilers do not require the connection of electricity, they have full autonomy and can be used at cottages, in baths or garages. For the heating of a dwelling house their use is not recommended. The variant with electric motors necessary for forced air circulation and a water circuit in the combustion chamber is most popular, as it is a combination of sufficient functionality and reasonable price. Expensive options of this heat engineering equipment are equipped with automatics, emergency protection and many other additional functions.
Coppers of long burning on firewood for a house happen single-circuit and double-circuit. The first carry out, heating of water only for heating, and the second allow to use hot water for household water supply. Some expensive models work great on gaseous or liquid hydrocarbon fuels.
The wide variety of types of these economical boilers makes it possible to use them as independent sources of heat for heating a house or household buildings, and as an alternative device to be switched on in case of gas supply to the main unit.
Before you purchase equipment, you must consider the following important characteristics:
- the boiler is completely autonomous or dependent on electricity;
- what area it is able to heat;
- how available is the type of fuel in your area;
- what are the indicators of heat leakage in this model;
- what temperature the unit is able to maintain.
Considering that to maintain a temperature of 25 degrees on an area of 10 m? 1 kW of energy is required, then for heating a house with an area of 100 m? need a boiler with a power of 10 kW. It is necessary to add another 20 to 30% of the power to the result obtained. The numbers depend on the quality of the insulation of the room and what windows are installed.
Helpful advice! Living in an area where there are frequent power outages, buying a volatile boiler for long-term burning on wood for the house is not worth it. It is better to buy an option that has full autonomy.
In addition to industrial production units, there are plenty of options for home-made long-burning boilers burning wood. Craftsmen make them from various materials at hand. Some samples may well compete with the factory in many characteristics. The quality of the boiler depends on the qualification of the welder, as well as on the purpose of the device itself. After all, for the heating of domestic premises does not require a beautiful aesthetic appearance and a complex device.
Any, even a very high-quality, home-made, long-burning wood burning boiler cannot be used for independent and constant heating of a residential house. No fire authority will issue a permit without existing certificates of compliance with all fire requirements. They can be obtained only by a duly registered boiler manufacturing company only after passing all the necessary routine tests by equipment.
However, if you need a device only for heating a garage, a bathhouse or a garden house, then you can make a boiler on wood of long burning. It is not difficult to assemble it from scrap materials if you have the skills to use an electric welding apparatus and a grinder.
Making a solid fuel boiler from improvised means is not a big deal. The main task is to design it so that the firewood in the combustion chamber does not burn, but only smolder. Below is an example of the manufacture of a cylindrical version of a wood boiler, which has a water circuit for connecting the garage heating system:
- we take a piece of pipe with a diameter of 30 to 100 cm. The size of the combustion chamber and, consequently, the power will depend on the size. The length of this pipe can be from 70 to 130 cm;
- cut out three circles. Two should correspond to the diameter of the pipe – they will be the bottom and the lid, and the third is less by about 5 mm. A piston will be made of it;
- the exhaust pipe is made up to 1.7 m long and with a diameter of up to 100 mm;
- in addition, you will need pieces of heavy channel, grate, trimming pipes of small diameter, as well as a thin tube for the manufacture of the water circuit;
- To the circle, which will be the bottom, weld 4 legs, made from scraps of pipes. Their height should be 5 – 10 cm. The circle itself should find its place at the bottom of the main pipe. It must be welded very high quality so that there are no visible holes in the seam;
- in the circle for the piston we cut a hole in the center, along the edges of which we weld the pipe to remove the smoke. On the opposite side, we weld the channel bars by welding, observing the balance of the piston;
- in the top cover we also make a hole under the pipe and weld it tightly, not forgetting to put a piston inside and mount a circuit coil, which should have an inlet and an outlet with a fitting out;
- we cut a square hole under the door and we make it out of this piece of metal using mashed awnings. Inside we weld the corners on which we install the grate;
- below the grate, a hole for a blower is cut through, which should have a door with adjustable air flow.
A handmade boiler made on wood of long burning is ready for use.
Helpful advice! It is better to fill the wood with such a stove together. One person lifts the piston by the pipe, and the second one imposes a full firewood insert, after which they are set on fire. When they break through the air supply should be limited. The gas released during smoldering will burn intensely above the piston, heating the water circuit.
Boilers with a long burning of firewood are a great alternative to traditional heating units.
